A blog reader (thank you!) reminded me of a historical overview of myeloma and myeloma treatment that I had read some time ago: http://tinyurl.com/2r7gw3 My post title refers in fact to the 19^th century practice of treating myeloma with leeches (etc.). Eeek! Both my blog reader and I are glad that said practice is no longer, er, entertained.

Click on that link if you have ever wondered who (Henry) Bence Jones was, or if you want to know the name of the sadist who invented bone marrow biopsies. I was curious to know when the term “multiple myeloma” was actually introduced, but I had to look it up elsewhere. I found that a Russian doctor, J. von Rusitzky, apparently used it for the first time in 1873.

Oh heckaroni!, I just found out that I had already posted and commented on this link (March 12 2008: http://margaret.healthblogs.org/2008/03/12/the-history-of-multiple-myeloma/) Well, I am going to publish this post anyway, mainly because I am much amused, hehe. The joke’s on me! Plus, this is a good lesson: I should have done a “search” of my own blog first! (Yes, there is a “search” box on the right-hand side, just scroll down almost to the end.)

P.S. By the way, do you know how I discovered that I had already posted on this topic? Nope, I didn’t have a memory flashback. What I did was google these four words: “the history of myeloma.” And there it was, my 2008 post! Gave me a good chuckle…

A blog reader who was recently diagnosed with smoldering myeloma wrote to me about his rather high serum free light chain (Freelite) test results. Our exchange reminded me of how puzzled I was back in May when I read my first (ever) Freelite results. At the time, my blog reader Rudi very kindly helped me decipher them, but I neglected to post the link to “The Binding Site, Inc.” Here it is: http://tinyurl.com/ydf78tj So, if you are as confused about your Freelite results as I was, all you have to do is have a look at the chart on this page. Very very helpful. 

If you have no idea what I’m talking about (and if you are a MGUS, SMM or even MM patient and have never had a Freelite test), go have a look at the exhaustive Freelite brochure published in May 2009 by the IMF, International Myeloma Foundation: http://tinyurl.com/ya8qabq Here you will find everything you ever wanted to know about serum free light chains and more…much more! The Freelite test is an important one–and here I must pause for a second to thank my friend Sherlock for suggesting that I have this test in the first place–so, if you belong to the above-mentioned categories, please add it to your list of blood tests. The IMF brochure, by the way, is available in five different languages, including Italian.

And finally, here is an interesting excerpt from a 2008 interview with Guido Tricot, MD, Ph.D. (see page 3 of the Binding Site’s newsletter: http://tinyurl.com/yz7djs6): If you entertain the diagnosis of MGUS or smoldering myeloma and you see a Freelite kappa that’s over 100 mg/L, usually you know this is not MGUS. Hmmm, I don’t find anything “entertaining” about a MGUS or SMM diagnosis 😉 , but (okay, seriously, now) my Freelite kappa result is less than half that number. And, in fact, it went down a bit further in October. Based on my results, I fall into the “MGUS with BM suppression” category. Needless to say, I am very pleased…!

I have been battling against a virus of some sort in the past couple of days…it’s probably the same one that I had last week and that I thought I had conquered (guess not!). As luck would have it, it is not a terribly malevolent one…I haven’t developed a fever or cough, e.g., perhaps thanks to the Sambucol…the main consequence of this inner battle is fatigue. Today I feel much better, though, much more like my normal self. I haven’t even had a nap so far…a huge step in the right direction!

This morning, in fact, I was busy making plans to get together with “old” university buddies a couple of days after Xmas (btw, I can’t believe today is already December 1st, how did that happen?). This is a group of Italians, Tuscans for the most part. You see, after graduating from (Italian) high school, I attended the university of Florence for a couple of years before moving back to the U.S. where I finished my undergraduate studies, worked for a while, then went on to do an M.A. and Ph.D. Throughout the years, I remained in touch with a couple of my closest Italian university friends…oh, to make a long story short, we are finally getting together with a few other class members for tea and a potluck supper. It will be quite a crowd….and I haven’t seen some of them in more than 20 years! I am happy to note, though, that, from the tone of the e-mail exchanges we had this morning, we all seem to have kept our sense of humour intact, so this reunion should be heaps of fun!

Okay, let’s move on to another, more interesting!, topic. My brain isn’t up for doing much research yet, but I did want to share an interesting titbit recently published in a journal called “Current Medicinal Chemistry”: http://tinyurl.com/ycobmz4 As we can read in the abstract (I don’t have the full study), there are more than 4000 flavonoids out there. FOUR…THOUSAND??? To date I have researched only 25 or so anti-myeloma compounds…that means I still have another 3,975 substances left! Boyohboy, I’d better get cracking!

The abstract briefly discusses how “nanovectors” can protect various beneficial compounds (such as curcumin!) from being attacked during the journey through our gastrointestinal tract. Well, that would obviously be a huge help.

While I am on this topic, a blog reader recently asked me if I had a reliable source for nanocurcumin. My answer is no, even though from time to time I receive links to different products, including some nanocurcumin ones. I haven’t posted about any of ‘em simply because I don’t know if they are any good…

Nope, until the nano-delivery technology has been thoroughly tested, I am sticking to the old “non-nano” systems of C3 Complex capsules/powder. That doesn’t mean that I am not interested in nano-stuff. I am. But with a degree of caution…

Last week I stumbled upon a fascinating blog reporting on all the new species discovered since the year 2000…boy, there are some weird creatures out there…mind-boggling! Just for fun: http://zaxy.wordpress.com/ Enjoy!

You know the bitter taste that you get in your mouth sometimes after biting into a slice of cucumber? Well, years ago my mother showed me how to get rid of that rather bothersome taste, but I won’t be using her method anymore…nope, not after reading what I read earlier today.

The above-mentioned bitterness is caused by a…bitter group of chemicals called cucurbitacins. The more cucurbitacins contained in your cucumber (or any member of the Cucurbitaceae family…melons, pumpkins, squash etc.), the bitterer the taste. The bitterness gives us a sort of warning not to eat the cucumber. But if we are hungry or stubborn enough to ignore the warning, we could develop stomach cramps or worse: back in the 1980s, there were more than 200 cases of zucchini poisoning (!) in Australia, Alabama and California. So: beware of bitter…it could be toxic!

You are probably asking yourselves why I am so interested in this cucurucu-stuff today. Well, it turns out that the cytotoxic properties of all the cucumber family members could be put to good use. This morning a blog reader (thank you!) sent me the link to a study that mentions the fact that cucurbitacins are STAT3 inhibitors, see: http://tinyurl.com/ye3cfmp She also sent me the full study where I found this titbit: Another class of STAT3 inhibitors includes natural products and their derivatives with anti-tumour activities, such as cucurbitacin, resveratrol, galiellalactone, curcumin and indirubin. The molecular mechanisms of action of these natural product inhibitors, which probably inhibit other oncogenic signalling pathways in addition to STAT3, remain to be fully determined.

Since STAT3 is an important signaling pathway in multiple myeloma, I did a quick search of PubMed for studies on cucurbitacins and myeloma. Bingo! I found the abstract of a paper presented at the 2007 ASH annual meeting, see http://tinyurl.com/y9hzgr4 The title says it all: Cucurbitacin I (JSI-124) Has Potent Anti-Myeloma Effects Independent of Its Inhibition of JAK2-Induced STAT3 Activation. I don’t have the full study yet, but there is enough in the abstract to hold our attention: several multiple myeloma cell lines were ultimately trampled to death by JSI-124, or Cucurbitacin I.

This plant extract is identified as a powerful direct inhibitor of myeloma cells blocking constitutive and IL-6/BMSC-dependent STAT3 activation in addition to STAT3 independent signaling pathways. This is clearly excellent news. And there is more: this substance targets both the malignant myeloma cell AND its bone marrow microenvironment, which, as we know by now, is crucial for the cell’s development, growth and survival. A double whammy for our myeloma cells…

Well, this has certainly given me a new appreciation for…cucumbers!

I have been feeling unusually weary in the past few (several?) days, so I have been taking it easy whenever possible. As a result, I have ignored the blog and haven’t done any research or finished editing any of my drafts.

About half of my students are convalescent, coughing germ-factories 😉 As for me, I have no flu symptoms, just this bothersome fatigue and occasional night sweats, which might be caused by an inner battle with some sort of virus. So the other day, just to give my immune system a little boost, I began taking two teaspoonfuls of Sambucol. I don’t know what is causing my tiredness, but I am not concerned: it gives me a good excuse to lie down during the day and catch up on my reading, surrounded by sleeping or purring cats…

Today I thought I would post the link to a November 24 Science Daily article on vitamin D, which, by the way, I take on a daily basis (in the form of cholecalciferol/vitamin D3). Don’t forget to read the next-to-last paragraph on heart disease: http://tinyurl.com/ylavp4x Ah, and one last thing: please be careful not to take too much vitamin D: http://tinyurl.com/b92tnz

I stumbled upon an absolutely brilliant BBC video a few days ago. Wow. It’s only a couple of minutes long, but it plays like a thriller. Hats off to the BBC! I won’t ruin it for you, just go watch it: http://tinyurl.com/ydc5cbm.

For more info on the tiny pebble toad, see: http://tinyurl.com/yhoxsv3 (but only after you have watched the video…)

November 22-28 is “National Curry Week” in the UK. Ah, how I wish I could be there! A Google Alert this morning took me to an interesting Liverpool Echo article (http://tinyurl.com/ydmobdo), which includes information on turmeric, chilli, garlic and ginger (and a curry recipe, too, on page 2). No need for me to comment on turmeric, right? And we are well aware that the capsaicin in chilli kills myeloma cells…and so does a ginger extract (see my Pages on the right).

But garlic? I haven’t written much about garlic (shame on me!). Apart from its well-known general health benefits (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allicin), I found several studies in PubMed on its anti-leukemia activity…hmmm, nothing specific about garlic and myeloma, but that simply means, methinks, that garlic extracts have not yet been tested against myeloma cells. If I were a researcher, I would request a grant to study this very topic, since I am almost 99.99999% positive that garlic would annihilate myeloma cells, too. Wanna bet?

Just out of curiosity, have a look at these two garlic-leukemia studies (I picked a couple at random, but there are many more on PubMed): (2004) http://tinyurl.com/ycxq7dh and (2009) http://tinyurl.com/yegomal. Incidentally, in the former, a garlic-derived compound called ajoene enhanced the killing effect of two chemo drugs used in the treatment of hematological malignancies: cytarabine and fludarabine. Now, that bit of news could easily set me off on my usual rant about how the only way we will be able to defeat cancer is via a combination of conventional and natural treatments…but I will refrain…today, at least! 

Now, back to National Curry Week for a moment. Ever since I found out about the healing properties of turmeric and other curry spices, I have been making delicious curry dishes, mainly in the winter. Curries are easy to make and relatively fast, once you are experienced enough to stop measuring exact quantities…now I simply glance at the recipe and throw in the spices, e.g. Another advantage of curries is that you can make them a day ahead…so they are perfect for dinner parties! In sum, I hope my UK readers will enjoy Curry Week! Yummy!

P.S. Here is what seems to be an interesting garlic-cancer (full) 2008 study: http://tinyurl.com/ye85asa (I haven’t read it yet, but I will!).

On Sunday I played cards in a charity tournament, which meant being in a large room for several hours with at least 50 other card players and yes, some of them were coughing up a storm. I was very careful never to touch my face, of course, but I had to breathe! Then on Tuesday one of my students told me that she had had a high fever the previous night. She looked terrible and was still having chills alternating with sweats. I told her to go home immediately, but she said she had too much work to do. Sigh.

Well, this combination was probably a bit too much for my itsy bitsy immune system. Yesterday morning I woke up a headache, a bit of nausea, and, drum roll!…chills alternating with sweats. I slept for most of the day, surrounded by my devoted kitty nurses. I didn’t have a fever, so I think this must have been some sort of 24-hour minor bug…not H1N1 or even the regular flu. I feel fine this morning, in fact.

Okay, now for an infinitely more interesting topic. A recent Science Daily article reported on the results of a dark chocolate and stress clinical trial (see: http://tinyurl.com/y8jqd7a): The study provides strong evidence that a daily consumption of 40 grams [1.4 ounces] during a period of 2 weeks is sufficient to modify the metabolism of healthy human volunteers. This amount of chocolate reduced levels of stress hormones in the bodies of people feeling highly stressed. Well, this is more good news for those of us who enjoy a bit of chocolate especially since, as you may recall, the stress hormone norepinephrine makes our myeloma cells proliferate like crazy (for a reminder, see my page titled “Myeloma and stress”).

So have a piece of chocolate today, naaah, make that two!, and don’t forget to laugh. 

“Life may not be the party we hoped for, but while we’re here we should dance.” (Unknown)

My sister sent this to me…and I just had to share…

Relatives gathered in the waiting room of a hospital, where a family member lay gravely ill.

The doctor finally came in, looking tired and somber. “I’m afraid I’m the bearer of bad news,” he said, surveying the worried faces. “The only hope left for your loved one at this time is a brain transplant. It’s an experimental procedure…very risky, but it is the only hope. Insurance will cover the procedure, but you will have to pay for the brain yourselves.”

The family members sat in silence, absorbing the news. After a few minutes, someone asked, “Well, how much does a brain cost?”

The doctor quickly responded, “$5,000 for a male brain, and $200 for a female brain.”

The moment turned awkward. Avoiding eye contact with the women, the men in the room tried not to smile, but a few couldn’t help but smirk. Finally, one of the guys blurted out the question everyone wanted to ask, “Why is the male brain so much more?”

The doctor smiled at their childish innocence and explained, “It’s just standard pricing procedure. We have to mark down the price of the female brains, because they’ve actually been used.”